students increase their vocabularies. The STAR model of Select,
Teach, Activate, and Revisit provides a framework for teachers as they
plan vocabulary instruction.
SELECT
• Choose appropriate content words.
• Focus on words essential to understanding of the text.
• Draw a story or text map. Using the map as the basis, select four to six words fundamental
to retelling or summarizing the text.
• Look for other important words that students are likely to encounter in additional readings,
even though these words may not be essential to this particular text.
TEACH
• Consider the processes you will use before, during, and after reading.
• Before assigning the reading, make sure you access prior knowledge and bring to the
forefront concepts that will not be clearly explained in the text.
• Use definitional, contextual, and usage information when teaching vocabulary. For example,
present the word in context, discuss possible meanings, ask for a definition (provide one if
students are unable to provide an accurate definition), ask students to use the words in a
personal way.
ACTIVATE
• This step focuses on the work you want students to do in order to gain understanding.
• Use writing assignments and other activities to make sure students repeatedly hear, read,
write, and use the targeted words.
• Give students the opportunity to connect new words with other words they already know
(word maps or synonym webs).
• Have students act out words or demonstrate meaning.
REVISIT
• Use additional activities to revisit important words. Possible activities include unit reviews,
games, writing assignments, vocabulary journals, and word books
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