CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study
Language
as a means of communication is used among human beings in order to establish
social relation. Language is a system of sounds and words used by humans to
express their thought and feeling. By using a language, people are able to
convey their message to express their ideas in oral, written or sign language,
so that they can cooperate and get along with each other. Generally, people in
a community understand and speak their language well enough to carry out every
activity.
English
as one of international language has become lingua franca, even though it is
not the language with the largest members of native or ‘first’ language speakers.
Here, a lingua franca can be defined as language widely adopted for communication
between two speakers whose native language are different from each other’s and
where one or both speakers are using it as
a ‘second’ language (Harmer, 2001:5).
English
as an international language is spoken in most international events and is used
as the medium of information flow on science, technology and culture. English
is also as a part of our national education. It has important roles in intellectual,
social and emotional students and as an important key to be success in learning
all lessons.
In
order to make English teaching-learning process is successful, Indonesia has
applied many kinds of curriculum.
Nowadays, the government has arranged the
2006 School-Based Curriculum named Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP).
School-Based Curriculum is the development of the Competence Based Curriculum
(CBC). Both of them have the same purpose of developing the skills of
understanding and producing various short functional and monologue texts, and essay
in the form of narrative, descriptive, recount, procedure, report, news item, and
the hortatory exposition texts.
English
has been taught for a long time, it does not mean that result of teaching in
our schools is satisfactory. (Ramelan 1992:3) states that: Most SMU graduates
are still very poor in their reading comprehension, since they can not usually
read or understand articles in English dailies magazines, which are now in
circulation here; let alone their ability in writing, which has mostly been
over looked in our schools. In speaking skills is another linguistics skill of our
students which is least develop.
Looking
at the above quotation we find that besides reading and speaking, writing is
one of the four skills in which the students failed to master. \The
unsatisfactory result of English teaching is not simply because of the \students
themselves or the teachers. There are other factors which affect the final result
of teaching such as time allotment, the use of visual aids, methodology, teaching
material, and other facilities (Ramelan 1992:3-4). All factors mentioned above
work together in affecting the final result of teaching or in other words, the success
or the failure of the English teaching depends on the factors involved in it.
There
are four language skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing) that people
should develop in order to master
English. In this study, writing is more emphasized than others. As one of the
language skills, writing is an important medium to express ideas. Heaton
(1975:138) states that writing skill is complex and difficult to teach,
requiring mastery not only of grammatical and rhetorical device but also of conceptual
and judgement. Based on the statement above, English teachers should have some
variations in teaching writing. Writing is one of the ways to improve students’
ability in expressing their ideas, stories and memories into written form.
There
are many writing texts, such as descriptive text, narrative text, report text, procedure
text, etc. In this study, the writer will discuss about procedure text. Anderson
et. al (1997:50) state that a procedure text is a piece of text that gives us
instruction for doing something. The purpose of the procedure text is to explain
how to do, make or play something. Gerot, et al. (1994:86) state that social
function of procedure text is to describe how something is accomplished through
a sequence of actions or steps.
Procedure
text is a kind of text types included in
School – Based Curriculum for Senior
High School students. Procedure text
is very important to be learned because
first, it is a kind of text types included in School – Based Curriculum for
senior high school students especially in year ten. Second, it is a daily
needs. Students will find many written procedure text such as???
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