CHAPTER
I
INTRODUCTION
This section
gives a brief intoduction to the area of the research. This chapter includes Background,
Research Question, Hyphotesis,
The aim
of the Research, The benefits
of the study,
Clarification of terms and Organization of the Paper.
1.1
Background.
Writing is the way of communicating a message to a
reader for a purpose. Through writing, one can explain or describe things as a
result people miles from us can get information by reading the written message
(Dixon & Denise, 1983 ). Writing as a means of communication activity still
plays great role up to now. Its importance can be seen not only from its role
but also from its function and significant contribution to the development of
human life, specially to communicate with the other people. In general, people
can take advantage of good writing for finding
jobs, and for the students, writing can help them in learning also for
the teacher, it can help them to deliver their message to the students so the
students can understand the materials that the teachers deliver.
Writing as a productive skill is a very important
skill in English for students because writing has some benefits for them.
Students can express their idea through writing, for example in writing a
narrative text. In writing a narrative text, students may find some
difficulties and make some mistakes. Teachers should help them to solve problem
so student can improve their narrative writing ability.
Considering the above conditions, it is necessary to
create a strategy that can involve both the teacher and the students and that
invites them to participate in the learning activities. Some methods and
strategies are developed to construct a meaningful teaching and learning in
writing. One of the strategies that can be used in order to help the students
in gathering and developing their ideas in writing is Peer reviewing. It can
also make the students more involved in the learning process that leads to
understanding so that they can make sense of the writing activities in their real life and they can be more
motivated
Peer reviewing can be used by students to respond
their friends writing and give comment whether student make mistake. Fujieda
(2007) states that most participants valued peer feedback. Eight writers out of
fourteen took a positive stance toward peer feedback.
Meanwhile Zainurrahman (2010) investigated the
impact of peer feedback in the students’ narrative writing and the students’
responses toward peer feedback activity in the ESL writing classroom. Fifteen
undergraduate students were purposively selected to participate in this
research. It indicated that the students’ narrative writing developed
organizationally and grammatically, whereas data from the interview suggested
that the students positively welcome peer feedback in the ESL writing
classroom.
Furthermore, peer reviewing is also suitable to
handle big classes since the clases have big number of students. In peer
reviewing technique, students are divided into several groups that help teacher
to evaluate their works easier.
In this study the writer focused on the
effectiveness of peer reviewing in improving students’ narrative writing
ability. The writer expected that this research can give some contributions for
the students, teachers and the process of teaching and learning English. Firts,
it can be used as measurements on improving narrative writing ability through
peer reviewing technique that can be applied in writing narrative class. The
last, this research can be used as a reference in improving students’ narrative
writing ability through peer reviewing
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